Gastroesophageal reflux is a common condition that often occurs without symptoms after meals. In some people, the reflux is related to a problem with the lower esophageal sphincter, a band of muscle fibers that usually closes off the esophagus from the stomach. If this sphincter doesn't close properly, food and liquid can move backward into the esophagus and may cause the symptoms.

Some conditions are associated with incompetent esophageal sphincters, including pregnancy, hiatal hernia, obesity, recurrent or persistent vomiting and nasogastric tubes. Risk factors for reflux include previous esophageal surgery or esophageal stricture.