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| Alternative Names: | Osteomalacia in children; Vitamin D deficiency; Renal rickets
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| Signs and tests: | A musculoskeletal examination reveals tenderness or pain of the bone itself, rather than in the joints or muscles.
- Calcium levels may be low.
- Tetany (prolonged muscle spasm) may occur if serum levels of calcium are low.
- Chvostek's sign may be positive (a spasm of facial muscles occurs when the facial nerve is tapped) indicating low serum levels of calcium.
- Serum calcium will confirm calcium levels.
- Serum phosphorus may be low.
- Serum alkaline phosphatase may be high.
- Arterial blood gases may reveal metabolic acidosis.
- Bone X-rays may show decalcification or changes in the shape or structure of the bones.
- A bone biopsy is rarely performed but will confirm rickets.
Other tests and procedures include the following:
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Review Date: 10/29/2002
Reviewed By: Philip L. Graham III, M.D., F.A.A.P., Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of New York, Columbia University, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.
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