Avoidance or cessation of tobacco products such as cigarettes is one of the best ways to prevent cancer. Many cancers can be prevented by avoiding other risk factors such as excessive exposure to sunlight and heavy drinking.

Screenings such as mammography and breast examination for breast cancer and colonoscopy for colon cancer may help catch these cancers at their early, most treatable stages. Some people at high risk for developing certain cancers can take medication to reduce their risk.