The appendix is a small, finger-shaped pouch of intestinal tissue extending from the cecum, which is the first part of the large intestine. Blockage of the opening of the appendix into the bowel by a hard small stool fragment (fecalith) is believed to be a frequent cause of appendicitis.

The infected appendix must be surgically removed (emergency appendectomy), because if it becomes perforated (leaks), this can lead to infection of the entire abdominal space (peritonitis), which can be fatal.

The surgery is done while the patient is unconscious and pain-free (using general anesthesia). A small incision is made in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and the appendix is removed. Alternatively, the appendix may be removed laparoscopically (with a smaller incision, using a tiny camera to visualize the area).

If a pocket of infection (abscess) has formed or the appendix has ruptured, the abdomen will be thoroughly washed out during surgery and a small tube may be left in to help drain out fluids or pus.

• Abdominal pain (located in the lower right side)
• Fever
• Reduced appetite
• Nausea, vomiting

• Check your abdomen for tenderness and tightness
• Check your rectum for tenderness and an enlarged appendix
• Check your blood for an increase in white blood cells (WBC)

Imaging studies will likely be used.

There is no test to confirm appendicitis, and the symptoms may be caused by other illnesses. The health care provider must diagnose the condition based on the information you report and what he or she finds from tests and physical examination.

Even if the surgeon finds that the appendix is not infected (which happens up to 25% of the time), he or she will thoroughly check the other abdominal organs and remove the appendix anyway in order to prevent future problems.